BACKWARD DIGIT SPAN COGNITIVE CONTROL SERIES

Smoothing is modeled via a non-parametric locally weighted regression using a nearest neighbor approach (i.e.

BACKWARD DIGIT SPAN COGNITIVE CONTROL SERIES

( D) Time series of the total number of steps for a single workout, averaged over participants, shown across sessions. ( C) Time series of the maximum heart rate (in BPM) measured for a single workout, averaged over participants, plotted across sessions. The errors were classified into two categories: item (if digits that were not presented in a list were repeated) and order (if correct digits were repeated but in an incorrect order). Values above the line represent higher measured heart rate than expected from baseline. The types and patterns of errors made on the backward digit span in quiet and multitalker babble at -5 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were analyzed. The blue dashed line represents the point of perfect agreement between individual targeted heart rate and maximum measured heart rate. Dark dots show accuracy based on pretest resting heart rate, whereas light dots show accuracy based on posttest resting heart rate. ( B) Targeted range accuracy, defined as the ratio of maximum measured heart rate per participant (in BPM) to targeted heart rate (expected), averaged across sessions.

The dashed line shows the point of perfect equivalence between pretest and posttest measurements values below the line indicate heart rate decreases. The running span, continuous performance, and backwards digit span tasks are.

( A) Violin and box plots showing change in resting heart rate (in BPM) between pretest and posttest sessions, for HIT and control groups. Keywords: n-back, working memory, executive functions, cognitive training.

Backward digit span cognitive control